diff --git a/AGENTS.md b/AGENTS.md
index 9b3abe2..d8748a9 100644
--- a/AGENTS.md
+++ b/AGENTS.md
@@ -27,7 +27,11 @@ Round-trip equality is a property tested over a corpus, not a claim made in pros
 ## 3. Unknown input policy
 
 - Unknown ADF node: carried opaquely — raw JSON rides a dedicated syntax in both formats and
-  restores to a deep-equal node. The round-trip holds for documents newer than the library.
+  restores to a deep-equal node. The round-trip holds for documents newer than the library. So
+  does a known node no section spells where it stands, `hardBreak`, `listItem` and `text` where a
+  block belongs excepted. Where a container's own spelling cannot hold the child it has — a
+  `bulletList` outside `listItem`, a `codeBlock` outside text — the error result names that
+  instead.
 - Unmappable foreign HTML element: error result naming the element — never a silent drop.
 - Bare `@name` / `:smile:` in typed text: stays a text node. Only directives produce
   mention/emoji/media nodes; resolving names to ids needs I/O, which is the consumer's job.
@@ -116,9 +120,9 @@ live Atlassian APIs; property-generated ADF trees; the CommonMark spec suite aga
 - A readable spelling tried ahead of a general one — the image, the pipe table, a pipe cell —
   returns `string | undefined`, never a `Result`: any failure is the fallback signal, and the
   general form owns the refusal. Refusing there refuses a document the general form spells.
-- Nothing recurses unbounded: the guards walk iteratively, and blocks, marks and attribute values
-  are all held to 500 levels, so a deep document is a `Result` rather than the stack overflow that
-  waits near 2000.
+- Nothing recurses unbounded: the guards walk iteratively, and blocks, marks and JSON values — an
+  attribute's and a carried node's alike — are all held to 500 levels, so a deep document is a
+  `Result` rather than the stack overflow that waits near 2000.
 - No casts: `as`, `as unknown as`, non-null `!`. A boundary owes a type guard validating the
   fields it claims (`isAdfDocument`); past it everything is typed. Make invalid states
   unrepresentable.
@@ -147,7 +151,8 @@ One-line commit messages and PR titles; short PR summaries. No AI-attribution ma
 
 No wiki markup (§1), no network or filesystem I/O, no name→id resolution (§3), no ADF schema
 validation or exported validator — a refusal that keeps the round-trip is not schema validation,
-so the one a node carrying the same mark type twice earns stays, no shipped CSS (§4), no streaming APIs, no performance budget —
+so the one a spelled node carrying the same mark type twice earns stays, no shipped CSS (§4), no
+streaming APIs, no performance budget —
 conversions are O(n), real documents are kilobytes. A CLI is a later goal (`todo.md`), not a
 non-goal.
 
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index e55dba6..aa3c5d2 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@
 Lossless conversion between **Atlassian Document Format** (ADF), an extended markdown flavour, and
 an HTML dialect.
 
-**Status: pre-release — `adfToMarkdown` emits every node the flavour spells but the opaque carry,
-nothing else is built.**
+**Status: pre-release — `adfToMarkdown` only, and not yet every document.**
 Plan: `todo.md`. Decisions: `AGENTS.md`. The flavour's grammar:
 [`spec/flavour.md`](spec/flavour.md).
 
diff --git a/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/carry-in-wrappers.json b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/carry-in-wrappers.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a0c220
--- /dev/null
+++ b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/carry-in-wrappers.json
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+{
+  "content": [
+    {
+      "content": [
+        {
+          "attrs": {
+            "url": "https://example.com/quoted"
+          },
+          "type": "blockCard"
+        }
+      ],
+      "type": "blockquote"
+    },
+    {
+      "content": [
+        {
+          "content": [
+            {
+              "attrs": {
+                "url": "https://example.com/listed"
+              },
+              "type": "blockCard"
+            }
+          ],
+          "type": "listItem"
+        }
+      ],
+      "type": "bulletList"
+    }
+  ],
+  "type": "doc",
+  "version": 1
+}
diff --git a/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/carry-in-wrappers.md b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/carry-in-wrappers.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf1815e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/carry-in-wrappers.md
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+> ```adf
+> {
+>   "attrs": {
+>     "url": "https://example.com/quoted"
+>   },
+>   "type": "blockCard"
+> }
+> ```
+
+- ```adf
+  {
+    "attrs": {
+      "url": "https://example.com/listed"
+    },
+    "type": "blockCard"
+  }
+  ```
diff --git a/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/code-block-adf.json b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/code-block-adf.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c54486b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/code-block-adf.json
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+{
+  "content": [
+    {
+      "attrs": {
+        "language": "adf"
+      },
+      "content": [
+        {
+          "text": "{\n  \"type\": \"blockCard\"\n}",
+          "type": "text"
+        }
+      ],
+      "type": "codeBlock"
+    },
+    {
+      "attrs": {
+        "language": "adf"
+      },
+      "content": [
+        {
+          "text": "```",
+          "type": "text"
+        }
+      ],
+      "type": "codeBlock"
+    }
+  ],
+  "type": "doc",
+  "version": 1
+}
diff --git a/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/code-block-adf.md b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/code-block-adf.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd39eb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/code-block-adf.md
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+```adf
+{
+  "attrs": {
+    "language": "adf"
+  },
+  "content": [
+    {
+      "text": "{\n  \"type\": \"blockCard\"\n}",
+      "type": "text"
+    }
+  ],
+  "type": "codeBlock"
+}
+```
+
+````adf
+{
+  "attrs": {
+    "language": "adf"
+  },
+  "content": [
+    {
+      "text": "```",
+      "type": "text"
+    }
+  ],
+  "type": "codeBlock"
+}
+````
diff --git a/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/unknown-block.json b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/unknown-block.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16fbaa0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/unknown-block.json
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+{
+  "content": [
+    {
+      "attrs": {
+        "url": "https://example.com/roadmap"
+      },
+      "type": "blockCard"
+    },
+    {
+      "attrs": {
+        "panelType": "info"
+      },
+      "content": [
+        {
+          "content": [
+            {
+              "text": "The card below has no spelling yet.",
+              "type": "text"
+            }
+          ],
+          "type": "paragraph"
+        },
+        {
+          "attrs": {
+            "layout": "wide",
+            "url": "https://example.com/board",
+            "width": 100
+          },
+          "type": "embedCard"
+        }
+      ],
+      "type": "panel"
+    }
+  ],
+  "type": "doc",
+  "version": 1
+}
diff --git a/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/unknown-block.md b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/unknown-block.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13d5ec1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/unknown-block.md
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+```adf
+{
+  "attrs": {
+    "url": "https://example.com/roadmap"
+  },
+  "type": "blockCard"
+}
+```
+
+:::panel info
+The card below has no spelling yet.
+
+```adf
+{
+  "attrs": {
+    "layout": "wide",
+    "url": "https://example.com/board",
+    "width": 100
+  },
+  "type": "embedCard"
+}
+```
+:::
diff --git a/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/unknown-inline.json b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/unknown-inline.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0dd91b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/unknown-inline.json
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+{
+  "content": [
+    {
+      "content": [
+        {
+          "text": "Draft: ",
+          "type": "text"
+        },
+        {
+          "attrs": {
+            "text": "Add a summary"
+          },
+          "type": "placeholder"
+        },
+        {
+          "text": " — expected Friday.",
+          "type": "text"
+        }
+      ],
+      "type": "paragraph"
+    },
+    {
+      "content": [
+        {
+          "marks": [
+            {
+              "type": "strong"
+            }
+          ],
+          "text": "Blocked",
+          "type": "text"
+        },
+        {
+          "text": " on ",
+          "type": "text"
+        },
+        {
+          "attrs": {
+            "extensionKey": "jira-issue",
+            "extensionType": "com.atlassian.jira.macro"
+          },
+          "marks": [
+            {
+              "type": "strong"
+            }
+          ],
+          "type": "inlineExtension"
+        },
+        {
+          "text": " until the rebuild lands.",
+          "type": "text"
+        }
+      ],
+      "type": "paragraph"
+    },
+    {
+      "content": [
+        {
+          "text": ":",
+          "type": "text"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "blockCard"
+        }
+      ],
+      "type": "paragraph"
+    },
+    {
+      "content": [
+        {
+          "marks": [
+            {
+              "type": "strong"
+            }
+          ],
+          "text": "a",
+          "type": "text"
+        },
+        {
+          "marks": [
+            {
+              "type": "strong"
+            }
+          ],
+          "type": "placeholder"
+        },
+        {
+          "marks": [
+            {
+              "type": "strong"
+            }
+          ],
+          "text": "b",
+          "type": "text"
+        }
+      ],
+      "type": "paragraph"
+    }
+  ],
+  "type": "doc",
+  "version": 1
+}
diff --git a/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/unknown-inline.md b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/unknown-inline.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22343ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/unknown-inline.md
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Draft: :adf{json="{\"attrs\":{\"text\":\"Add a summary\"},\"type\":\"placeholder\"}"} — expected Friday.
+
+**Blocked** on :adf{json="{\"attrs\":{\"extensionKey\":\"jira-issue\",\"extensionType\":\"com.atlassian.jira.macro\"},\"marks\":[{\"type\":\"strong\"}],\"type\":\"inlineExtension\"}"} until the rebuild lands.
+
+\::adf{json="{\"type\":\"blockCard\"}"}
+
+**a**:adf{json="{\"marks\":[{\"type\":\"strong\"}],\"type\":\"placeholder\"}"}**b**
diff --git a/spec/flavour.md b/spec/flavour.md
index f97ce42..ed6757a 100644
--- a/spec/flavour.md
+++ b/spec/flavour.md
@@ -113,8 +113,11 @@ literal-text fallback — a typo that reparses as prose is the silent loss §2 r
 
 ## The opaque carry (AGENTS.md §3)
 
-A node type the library does not know rides as its raw JSON and restores to a deep-equal node.
-Block and inline positions canonicalize differently, each fitting where it sits:
+A node no section spells where it stands — an unknown type, or a known one whose spelling belongs
+to the other position — rides as its raw JSON and restores to a deep-equal node. `hardBreak`,
+`listItem` and `text` where a block belongs are the exception: their spelling lives inside another
+node's body, so the misplacement is a named error. Block and inline positions canonicalize
+differently, each fitting where it sits:
 
 - **Block position**: a fenced code block with info string `adf`, body = the node's JSON —
   two-space indent, object keys sorted.
diff --git a/src/adf-to-markdown.test.ts b/src/adf-to-markdown.test.ts
index 31509cf..ffd318b 100644
--- a/src/adf-to-markdown.test.ts
+++ b/src/adf-to-markdown.test.ts
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ test('names the node a refusal came from', () => {
   const unspellable: AdfNode = { attrs: { localId: 'a' }, type: 'paragraph' }
   const list: AdfNode = { content: [{ content: [paragraph({ text: 'x', type: 'text' })], type: 'listItem' }, { content: [unspellable], type: 'listItem' }], type: 'bulletList' }
   assert.deepEqual(path(adfToMarkdown(document(paragraph({ text: 'x', type: 'text' }), list))), ['content', 1, 'content', 1, 'content', 0])
-  assert.deepEqual(path(adfToMarkdown(document(paragraph({ text: 'x', type: 'text' }, { type: 'blockCard' })))), ['content', 0, 'content', 1])
+  assert.deepEqual(path(adfToMarkdown(document(paragraph({ text: 'x', type: 'text' }, { type: 'text' })))), ['content', 0, 'content', 1])
   assert.deepEqual(path(adfToMarkdown({ type: 'doc', version: 2 })), [])
 })
 
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ test('refuses an ordered list whose markdown start is ambiguous', () => {
 
 test('refuses the code block info strings the fence cannot hold', () => {
   assert.equal(code(adfToMarkdown(document({ attrs: { language: '' }, type: 'codeBlock' }))), 'ambiguous-attribute-spelling')
-  assert.equal(code(adfToMarkdown(document({ attrs: { language: 'adf' }, type: 'codeBlock' }))), 'reserved-adf-language')
   assert.equal(code(adfToMarkdown(document({ attrs: { language: 'a`b' }, type: 'codeBlock' }))), 'unspellable-code-block-language')
   assert.equal(code(adfToMarkdown(document({ attrs: { language: ' sql' }, type: 'codeBlock' }))), 'unspellable-code-block-language')
+  assert.equal(code(adfToMarkdown(document({ attrs: { language: 'adf' }, type: 'codeBlock' }))), 'unspellable-code-block-language')
 })
 
 test('refuses a link destination CommonMark cannot spell', () => {
@@ -113,10 +113,33 @@ test('refuses two adjacent lists of the same kind', () => {
   assert.equal(code(adfToMarkdown(document(list, list))), 'unspellable-adjacent-lists')
 })
 
-test('refuses a node type the canonical form does not cover', () => {
-  assert.equal(code(adfToMarkdown(document({ type: 'blockCard' }))), 'unsupported-node-type')
-  assert.equal(code(adfToMarkdown(document({ type: 'toString' }))), 'unsupported-node-type')
-  assert.equal(code(adfToMarkdown(document(paragraph({ type: 'blockCard' })))), 'unsupported-node-type')
+test('carries a node type no section spells', () => {
+  assert.equal(markdown(adfToMarkdown(document({ type: 'blockCard' }))), '```adf\n{\n  "type": "blockCard"\n}\n```\n')
+  assert.equal(markdown(adfToMarkdown(document({ type: 'toString' }))), '```adf\n{\n  "type": "toString"\n}\n```\n')
+  assert.equal(markdown(adfToMarkdown(document(paragraph({ type: 'blockCard' })))), ':adf{json="{\\"type\\":\\"blockCard\\"}"}\n')
+})
+
+test('carries the code block whose language is the reserved info string', () => {
+  assert.equal(
+    markdown(adfToMarkdown(document({ attrs: { language: 'adf' }, type: 'codeBlock' }))),
+    '```adf\n{\n  "attrs": {\n    "language": "adf"\n  },\n  "type": "codeBlock"\n}\n```\n',
+  )
+})
+
+test('breaks a mark run at the node it carries', () => {
+  const strong: AdfMark = { type: 'strong' }
+  const carried: AdfNode = { marks: [strong], type: 'placeholder' }
+  assert.equal(
+    markdown(adfToMarkdown(document(paragraph({ marks: [strong], text: 'a', type: 'text' }, carried, { marks: [strong], text: 'b', type: 'text' })))),
+    '**a**:adf{json="{\\"marks\\":[{\\"type\\":\\"strong\\"}],\\"type\\":\\"placeholder\\"}"}**b**\n',
+  )
+})
+
+test('refuses a carried node nested deeper than the emitter carries', () => {
+  let node: AdfNode = { type: 'blockCard' }
+  for (let depth = 0; depth < 600; depth += 1) node = { content: [node], type: 'blockCard' }
+  assert.equal(code(adfToMarkdown(document(node))), 'unsupported-node-shape')
+  assert.equal(code(adfToMarkdown(document(paragraph(node)))), 'unsupported-node-shape')
 })
 
 test('refuses a node whose content model the canonical form cannot emit', () => {
@@ -373,7 +396,10 @@ test('spells a table as a pipe table only where every row and cell is plain', ()
   assert.ok(directive(adfToMarkdown(table(row(cell('tableHeader'))))))
   assert.ok(directive(adfToMarkdown(table(row(cell('tableHeader', text('a'), text('b')))))))
   assert.equal(code(adfToMarkdown(table(row(cell('tableHeader', { attrs: { localId: 'a' }, type: 'paragraph' }))))), 'unspelled-node-attribute')
-  assert.equal(code(adfToMarkdown(table(row(cell('tableHeader', { content: [{ type: 'blockCard' }], type: 'paragraph' }))))), 'unsupported-node-type')
+  assert.equal(
+    markdown(adfToMarkdown(table(row(cell('tableHeader', { content: [{ type: 'blockCard' }], type: 'paragraph' }))))),
+    '| :adf{json="{\\"type\\":\\"blockCard\\"}"} |\n| --- |\n',
+  )
   assert.equal(code(adfToMarkdown(table(row(cell('tableHeader', { content: [{ text: '\fa', type: 'text' }], type: 'paragraph' }))))), 'unspellable-whitespace')
   assert.ok(directive(adfToMarkdown(table(row(cell('tableHeader', { attrs: { level: 1 }, type: 'heading' }))))))
   assert.equal(markdown(adfToMarkdown(table(row(cell('tableHeader', { content: [{ text: ' a', type: 'text' }], type: 'paragraph' }))))), '| :text{text=" "}a |\n| --- |\n')
@@ -383,6 +409,7 @@ test('spells a table as a pipe table only where every row and cell is plain', ()
   const fallsBack = (node: AdfNode): boolean => directive(adfToMarkdown(table(row(cell('tableHeader', { content: [node], type: 'paragraph' })))))
   assert.ok(fallsBack({ marks: [{ type: 'code' }], text: 'a|b', type: 'text' }))
   assert.ok(fallsBack({ attrs: { style: 'a|b' }, type: 'status' }))
+  assert.ok(fallsBack({ attrs: { url: 'https://example.com/?a|b' }, type: 'blockCard' }))
   assert.equal(markdown(adfToMarkdown(marked({ attrs: { href: 'https://example.com/x' }, type: 'link' }))), '| [l](https://example.com/x) |\n| --- |\n')
 })
 
diff --git a/src/adf-to-markdown.ts b/src/adf-to-markdown.ts
index 116afc3..7c98bb4 100644
--- a/src/adf-to-markdown.ts
+++ b/src/adf-to-markdown.ts
@@ -5,11 +5,12 @@ import { blockDirective, spellDirectiveHeader } from './block-directives.ts'
 import { tryImage } from './markdown-image.ts'
 import { emitInlineLine } from './markdown-inline.ts'
 import { tryPipeTable } from './markdown-pipe-table.ts'
+import { carriedBlock, carryName } from './opaque-carry.ts'
 import { failure, success, type ConvertErrorPath, type Result } from './result.ts'
-import { holdsNullCharacter, isThematicBreak } from './commonmark-grammar.ts'
+import { holdsEntityReference, holdsNullCharacter, isThematicBreak } from './commonmark-grammar.ts'
 import { isAdfDocument } from './adf-document.ts'
 import { largestNesting } from './nesting.ts'
-import { longestBacktickRun } from './backtick-runs.ts'
+import { fencedCodeBlock } from './backtick-runs.ts'
 
 type BlockContainer = 'directive' | 'document' | 'list-item'
 type BlockSpelling = 'commonmark' | 'directive'
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ function emitBlock(node: AdfNode, path: ConvertErrorPath, depth: number): Result
   if (node.type === 'hardBreak' || node.type === 'listItem' || node.type === 'text') {
     return failure('unsupported-node-shape', `a ${node.type} node cannot stand where a block belongs`, path)
   }
-  return failure('unsupported-node-type', `the canonical form spells no block node of type ${node.type}`, path)
+  return commonMarkLine(carriedBlock(node, path))
 }
 
 function commonMarkLine(text: Result<string>): Result<EmittedBlock> {
@@ -159,6 +160,7 @@ function emitBlockquote(node: AdfNode, path: ConvertErrorPath, depth: number): R
 }
 
 function emitCodeBlock(node: AdfNode, path: ConvertErrorPath): Result<string> {
+  if (node.attrs?.['language'] === carryName) return carriedBlock(node, path)
   const validation = validateBlockNode(node, ['language'], path)
   if (!validation.ok) return validation
   const info = spellCodeFenceInfo(node.attrs?.['language'], path)
@@ -173,9 +175,7 @@ function emitCodeBlock(node: AdfNode, path: ConvertErrorPath): Result<string> {
     if (holdsNullCharacter(child.text)) return failure('unspellable-character', 'a codeBlock holds a null character CommonMark replaces', childPath)
     text += child.text
   }
-  const fence = '`'.repeat(Math.max(3, longestBacktickRun(text) + 1))
-  const opening = `${fence}${info.value}`
-  return success(text === '' ? `${opening}\n${fence}` : `${opening}\n${text}\n${fence}`)
+  return success(fencedCodeBlock(info.value, text))
 }
 
 function spellCodeFenceInfo(language: JsonValue | undefined, path: ConvertErrorPath): Result<string> {
@@ -184,10 +184,12 @@ function spellCodeFenceInfo(language: JsonValue | undefined, path: ConvertErrorP
   if (language === '') {
     return failure('ambiguous-attribute-spelling', 'an empty codeBlock language and an absent one share one markdown spelling', path)
   }
-  if (language === 'adf') return failure('reserved-adf-language', 'the adf info string is reserved for the opaque carry', path)
   if (/[`\n\r]/.test(language) || language !== language.trim()) {
     return failure('unspellable-code-block-language', 'a fence info string holds no backtick and no edge whitespace', path)
   }
+  if (holdsEntityReference(language)) {
+    return failure('unspellable-code-block-language', 'a fence info string shaped like an entity reference decodes on the way back', path)
+  }
   return success(language)
 }
 
diff --git a/src/backtick-runs.ts b/src/backtick-runs.ts
index e5580db..ab3a15a 100644
--- a/src/backtick-runs.ts
+++ b/src/backtick-runs.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+export function fencedCodeBlock(info: string, body: string): string {
+  const fence = '`'.repeat(Math.max(3, longestBacktickRun(body) + 1))
+  return body === '' ? `${fence}${info}\n${fence}` : `${fence}${info}\n${body}\n${fence}`
+}
+
 export function longestBacktickRun(text: string): number {
   let longest = 0
   let current = 0
diff --git a/src/corpus.test.ts b/src/corpus.test.ts
index aabcca7..18c4206 100644
--- a/src/corpus.test.ts
+++ b/src/corpus.test.ts
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ const corpusRoot = join(dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)), '..', 'corpus')
 const roundTripRoot = join(corpusRoot, 'round-trip')
 const unspellableRoot = join(corpusRoot, 'unspellable')
 
-const emittingDirectories = ['block-nodes', 'commonmark-subset', 'inline-nodes']
+const emittingDirectories = ['block-nodes', 'commonmark-subset', 'inline-nodes', 'opaque-carry']
 
 function directoryNames(root: string): string[] {
   return readdirSync(root, { withFileTypes: true })
diff --git a/src/markdown-inline.ts b/src/markdown-inline.ts
index 57d71d9..3e78fcf 100644
--- a/src/markdown-inline.ts
+++ b/src/markdown-inline.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { assembleInlineLine, type InlineEscaping, type InlineSegment, type LineC
 import { inlineDirective, markDirective, spellInlineNodeAttributes, spellMarkAttributes } from './inline-directives.ts'
 import { largestNesting } from './nesting.ts'
 import { claimsLine, holdsControlCharacter, holdsEntityReference, holdsNullCharacter, isAutolink, isUnicodeWhitespace } from './commonmark-grammar.ts'
+import { carriedInline } from './opaque-carry.ts'
 import { failure, success, type ConvertErrorPath, type Result } from './result.ts'
 import { longestBacktickRun } from './backtick-runs.ts'
 import { serializeCanonicalJson } from './canonical-json.ts'
@@ -131,7 +132,8 @@ function inlineRuns(nodes: readonly AdfNode[], depth: number, firstIndex: number
   const runs: InlineRun[] = []
   for (const [offset, node] of nodes.entries()) {
     const index = firstIndex + offset
-    const mark = (node.marks ?? [])[depth]
+    // spec/flavour.md, Marks.
+    const mark = carries(node) ? undefined : (node.marks ?? [])[depth]
     if (mark === undefined) {
       runs.push({ index, kind: 'plain', node })
       continue
@@ -147,15 +149,23 @@ function nodePath(context: InlineContext, index: number): ConvertErrorPath {
   return [...context.path, 'content', index]
 }
 
+function carries(node: AdfNode): boolean {
+  return node.type !== 'hardBreak' && node.type !== 'text' && inlineDirective(node.type) === undefined
+}
+
 function emitLeaf(node: AdfNode, context: InlineContext, index: number): Result<InlineSegment[]> {
   const path = nodePath(context, index)
+  if (carries(node)) {
+    const carried = carriedInline(node, path)
+    if (!carried.ok) return carried
+    return success([syntax(carried.value)])
+  }
   const types = (node.marks ?? []).map((mark) => mark.type)
   if (new Set(types).size !== types.length) return failure('unsupported-node-shape', `a ${node.type} node carries one mark type twice`, path)
-  if (node.type === 'text') return emitText(node, context, path)
-  if (node.type === 'hardBreak') return emitHardBreak(node, context, path)
   const directive = inlineDirective(node.type)
-  if (directive === undefined) return failure('unsupported-node-type', `the canonical form spells no inline node of type ${node.type}`, path)
-  return emitInlineDirective(node, directive, path)
+  if (directive !== undefined) return emitInlineDirective(node, directive, path)
+  if (node.type === 'hardBreak') return emitHardBreak(node, context, path)
+  return emitText(node, context, path)
 }
 
 function emitHardBreak(node: AdfNode, context: InlineContext, path: ConvertErrorPath): Result<InlineSegment[]> {
diff --git a/src/opaque-carry.ts b/src/opaque-carry.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2acbd92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/opaque-carry.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import type { AdfNode } from './adf-document.ts'
+import type { JsonSpelling } from './canonical-json.ts'
+import { failure, success, type ConvertErrorPath, type Result } from './result.ts'
+import { isJsonValue } from './json-value.ts'
+import { fencedCodeBlock } from './backtick-runs.ts'
+import { largestNesting } from './nesting.ts'
+import { serializeCanonicalJson } from './canonical-json.ts'
+import { spellAttributes, spellStringAttribute } from './directive-attributes.ts'
+
+export const carryName = 'adf'
+
+export function carriedBlock(node: AdfNode, path: ConvertErrorPath): Result<string> {
+  const json = carriedJson(node, 'two-space', path)
+  if (!json.ok) return json
+  return success(fencedCodeBlock(carryName, json.value))
+}
+
+export function carriedInline(node: AdfNode, path: ConvertErrorPath): Result<string> {
+  const json = carriedJson(node, 'compact', path)
+  if (!json.ok) return json
+  return success(`:${carryName}${spellAttributes([['json', spellStringAttribute(json.value)]])}`)
+}
+
+function carriedJson(node: AdfNode, spelling: JsonSpelling, path: ConvertErrorPath): Result<string> {
+  if (!isJsonValue(node)) {
+    return failure('unsupported-node-shape', `a carried node's JSON nests deeper than the ${largestNesting} levels the emitter carries`, path)
+  }
+  return success(serializeCanonicalJson(node, spelling))
+}
diff --git a/src/result.ts b/src/result.ts
index 00a1a9e..4f735f9 100644
--- a/src/result.ts
+++ b/src/result.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 export type ConvertErrorCode =
   | 'ambiguous-attribute-spelling'
   | 'not-an-adf-document'
-  | 'reserved-adf-language'
   | 'unspellable-adjacent-lists'
   | 'unspellable-character'
   | 'unspellable-code-block-language'
@@ -17,7 +16,6 @@ export type ConvertErrorCode =
   | 'unsupported-document-version'
   | 'unsupported-heading-level'
   | 'unsupported-node-shape'
-  | 'unsupported-node-type'
 
 export type ConvertErrorPath = readonly (number | string)[]
 
diff --git a/todo.md b/todo.md
index 214aecd..607222d 100644
--- a/todo.md
+++ b/todo.md
@@ -42,7 +42,9 @@ detail is settled at its own milestone.
       directive block in a container body — an `expand` whose content is `paragraph` "A" then a
       `panel` (`panelType` `warning`) holding "B" spells `A` and `:::panel warning` either on
       consecutive lines or with a blank line between. Two defensible spellings, so §8 leaves the
-      pick here; `unspelled-block-separation` refuses the pair meanwhile, an empty paragraph's
+      pick here; the answer governs every unknown node type too, the block carry counting as a
+      CommonMark block since its spelling is a fenced code block.
+      `unspelled-block-separation` refuses the pair meanwhile, an empty paragraph's
       `::paragraph` beside a CommonMark block included — and, since a `mediaSingle`'s spelling now
       follows whether CommonMark can spell its URL, two sibling images differing only by an
       `&amp;` land in the same refusal.
@@ -80,7 +82,9 @@ detail is settled at its own milestone.
         one place.
   - [ ] **2d — The opaque carry** (§3). Fixtures and emitter together, into
         `corpus/round-trip/opaque-carry/`: an unknown node in both positions, the reserved `adf`
-        info string, and the `codeBlock` whose language is `adf`.
+        info string, and the `codeBlock` whose language is `adf` — carried whole ahead of the
+        attribute fallback 2e owes, since the reservation leaves that node no other spelling
+        whatever 1d decides for its `localId`.
   - [ ] **2e — Carve-outs and combinations.** Fixtures and emitter together, into
         `corpus/round-trip/combinations/`: the three carve-outs and their escapes, mark runs — the
         longest-run rule, attributes included — and the runs a carry breaks, a mark spelling that
@@ -97,6 +101,16 @@ detail is settled at its own milestone.
         error `spec/flavour.md` promises. And `escaping: 'attribute'` earns its keep at the
         `\u007c` rule or collapses into `none`: nothing the escaper does tells the two apart
         today, since a carried segment holds only spaces, tabs and newlines.
+        The carry's fallback triggers land here too: `spec/flavour.md` carries a node its section
+        cannot spell — an attrs key no section lists, a value that is not the section's type, an
+        arg slot holding no bare token, marks no nesting spells — where the emitter still refuses,
+        which leaves the refusals a container's own spelling owns. The `\u007c` rule is wider than
+        the pipe: a quoted attribute value spells `` ` ``, `&` and `<` raw today, so a backtick
+        pair in an `inlineCard`'s `data`, a `status`'s `style` or the inline carry's `json` reads
+        back as a code span, an entity or raw HTML inside the value. One escape settles all four,
+        and the pick decides whether a directive or a code span wins where they overlap (3). The
+        carry spells `escaping: 'none'` meanwhile, which is what makes `tryPipeCell` refuse the
+        pipe form for a carry whose JSON holds a pipe.
         The gate gains the collision property here: no two corpus documents may emit the same
         bytes — one spelling for two documents is a round-trip break no parser can undo, and it is
         provable without one. It also settles the emitter's one known approximation: delimiter
@@ -112,7 +126,10 @@ detail is settled at its own milestone.
       it must return). The raw-HTML element mapping is empty until milestone 6, so at `0.1.0`
       every raw-HTML construct in input is an error result. The CommonMark spec suite runs
       against it from here (§10). The parser owes `~` the same `can_open`/`can_close` the emitter
-      assumes — CommonMark flanking, as for `*` — which `spec/flavour.md` does not yet pin.
+      assumes — CommonMark flanking, as for `*` — which `spec/flavour.md` does not yet pin, and
+      the precedence between a directive and the constructs a raw attribute value opens inside it —
+      a code span, an entity, raw HTML — which one directive alone already reaches until 2e's
+      escape lands.
       `src/` gets its hierarchy at the same split — `adf/`,
       `markdown/`, `html/`, the grammar module shared inside `markdown/` — while the rename is
       still mechanical. Three files do not move whole: `block-directives.ts` and